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 Vinpocetine (VIN) is a natural extract of the beautiful periwinkle flower, vinca minor. It increases cerebral vascular blood flow, thus enhancing the flow of nutrients, oxygen, glucose and neurotransmitter substrates, e.g., choline to the brain.
VIN has been shown to improve memory and brain processing speed. It also increases brain glucose metabolism and increases the mitochondria’s generation ATP, which can improve brain energy as well as mood, memory and other mental functions. It is also a powerful anti-oxidant, and neuro-protective agent that has been shown to protect brain cells against the chronic age-related reduction in oxygen levels. VIN can also protect the brain from imbalances in calcium regulation, or calcium overload, which can add to cognitive decline and with age.
 Huperzine A (HUP) is derived from Chinese Club Moss (Huperia serrata). It’s a natural acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor. AChE is the enzyme that destroys acetylcholine in the synapse before it’s effectively used to help you form your thoughts, feelings and memories.
HUP helps keep your acetylcholine levels up, so your synapses can fire fast and efficiently. HUP has been shown to improve memory and help protect brain cells from free radicals. HUP also stimulates the acetylcholine receptors making them more sensitive to existing levels of ACh. HUP may also act as a brain metabolic enhancer.
 Acetyl-l-carnitine (ALC) is perhaps the one true miracle molecule, especially for your brain (and heart). ALC is naturally found in the brain and body. Its main dietary source is fish and red meat, although you’d have to eat several pounds a day to get enough for improved mental performance. ALC helps in the protection, preservation and performance of your brain cells. It increases brain blood flow as well as the synthesis and utilization of acetylcholine (ACh), a key neurotransmitter for mental clarity, memory and focus. It improves the energy output of your mitochondria, helps stabilize the neural membrane and protect the brain from free radical damage.
ALC also increases levels of glutathione, perhaps the brain’s most important anti-oxidant enzyme supporting the brain’s immune status. ALC has also been shown to increase levels of nerve growth factor thus stimulating the growth of new neurons, synapses and their interconnecting “wires”, called axons and dendrites. In fact, ALC appears to rejuvenate the brain and has been clinically shown to significantly slow brain aging, especially in the mitochondria. Dozens of clinical studies have demonstrated ALC’s powerful effect on improving mental clarity, focus and memory, in elevating mood, and boosting processing speed and cognitive function.
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